Sublimation printing is a specialised method of printing that involves transferring designs onto a substrate (typically fabric or a rigid material like plastic, metal, or ceramic) using heat-sensitive inks. This process is distinctive for its ability to produce high-quality, vibrant, and durable prints.

Here's how it works:

Design Creation

The first step involves creating a design, which is typically done using graphic design software. The design is then printed onto a special transfer paper using sublimation inks.

Sublimation Inks

These inks are unique because they can transition from a solid directly to a gas without becoming liquid (a process known as sublimation). The inks are typically a mixture of dye and a carrier substance.

Heat Press Transfer
The transfer paper with the printed design is placed onto the substrate, and both are put into a heat press. When the press is activated, the combination of heat and pressure causes the sublimation inks to convert into a gaseous state.

Ink Transfer and Bonding
In their gaseous form, the inks permeate the surface of the substrate. When they cool down and solidify, they become permanently embedded within the material. Unlike traditional printing methods that lay ink on top of a substrate, sublimation printing inks bond with the material at a molecular level.

End Result
The result is a high-resolution, full-colour image that is extremely durable and resistant to fading. The print is also less likely to crack or peel since the ink is embedded within the substrate.

Sublimation printing is popular for creating custom clothing, signage, banners, and promotional items, as well as for decorative purposes on materials like ceramics and metal. It's especially effective for polyester and polymer-coated substrates, as these materials can withstand the high temperatures required for the ink to sublimate.